infant mortality rate definition

The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate is also called the infant death rate. Drinking water that has been contaminated by fecal material or other infectious organisms can cause life-threatening diarrhea and vomiting in infants. The World Health Organization (WHO) has questioned the use of breast milk substitutes in poor families, particularly in areas where clean water is not available, because it may increase the risk of infant death. Communities can play an important part in this campaign by encouraging women to seek prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy and by making care available. There are a number of causes of infant mortality, including poor sanitation, poor water quality, malnourishment of the mother and infant, inadequate prenatal and medical care, and use of infant formula as a breast milk substitute. Statewide initiative aims to reduce infant mortality in Oklahoma Her contributions to SAGE Publications's, infant and toddler health: Infant mortality. In industrialized countries the focus must also include eliminating disparities in access to health care. To compute a given year’s infant mortality rate in a certain area, one would need to know how many babies were born alive in the area during the period and how many babies who were born alive died before their first birthday … A Definition: The infant mortality rate refers to the probability of dying between birth and exactly 1 year of age, expressed per 1,000 live births. Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Kennesaw State University. The United States may be regarded as having several infant mortality rates: one for the white population, one for the Asian population, one for Native Americans, and another for African Americans. The definition of infant mortality rate is simply the number of infant deaths in a single year out of every 1,000 live births that year. “Inauguration” vs. “Swearing In”: What’s The Difference? The loss of large quantities of fluids and salts from the body can quickly kill an infant. https://www.britannica.com/science/infant-mortality-rate. Infant mortality is used as an indicator of child and maternal health, and also an indicator of the quality of the health of a community’s residents. The infant mortality rate was highest among low birthweight babies (under 2,500 grams) at 34.7 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2017, an increase of 5.8% from 2016. mortality définition, signification, ce qu'est mortality: 1. the way that people do not live for ever: 2. the number of deaths within a particular society…. Infant mortality rate (IMR), defined as the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births, is a key indicator often used to measure the health and well being of a population. CONTINUE SCROLLING OR CLICK HERE FOR … The definition of infant mortality rate is simply the number of infant deaths in a single year out of every 1,000 live births that year. Ex : garçon - nm > On dira "le garçon" ou "un garçon".Somalia has one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Access to medical care and proper nutrition are essential to the normal growth and development of infants (0 to 12 months) and toddlers (12 to 36 months). Because the formula was expensive, poor families tried to stretch their supply by watering it down. (number of babies dying) taux de mortalité infantile nm nom masculin: s'utilise avec les articles "le", "l'" (devant une voyelle ou un h muet), "un". The infant mortality rate is, strictly speaking, not a rate (i.e. Access to medical care and proper nutrition are essential to the normal growth and development of infants (0 to 12 months) and toddlers... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Good prenatal care has been linked to reduced infant mortality. What does infant mortality mean? It is an important indicator of the overall physical health of a community. Write main cause of high infant mortality rate. We had tried to study the rates of infant mortality in Abia State. Premature infants (born at less than 37 weeks gestation) have a higher risk of death not only because of low birth weight but also because their respiratory and digestive systems are not fully mature. Low birth weight is the single most significant characteristic associated with higher infant mortality. En savoir plus. The areahas an infantmortalityrateof 11.9 per1,000 births, … For a full-term infant, low birth weight is a weight less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds 8 ounces) at birth or a weight that is one standard deviation or more below the weight expected for that age in a reference population. Definition: The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths under one year of age occurring among the live births in a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of the given geographical area during the same year. Infant mortality rate definition: the number of infant deaths in a given period | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The infant mortality rate correlates very strongly with, and is among the best predictors of, state failure. The infant mortality rate is, by definition, the number of children dying under a year of age divided by the number of live births that year. “Capital” vs. “Capitol”: Do You Know Where You’re Going? Meaning of infant mortality. Alternately, the rate could be multiplied by 10,000 or 1,000,000, depending on the desired comparison level. Definition: INFANT MORTALITY RATE is the number of resident newborns in a specified geographic area (country, state, county, etc.) infant mortality rate: [ rāt ] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. Infant mortality rate (probability of dying between birth and age of 1 year per 1000 live births) Domain: Health status / Life expectancy and mortality. African American babies are nearly two and a half times more likely to die before their first birthday than are white babies. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Infant mortality rate: Number of deaths among children <1 year of age during a given time interval divided by the number of live births during the same time interval. We have made remarkable progress to save children since 1990, but millions are still dying simply because of where they are born. Infant mortality is the death of an infant before his or her first birthday. Infant mortality is one of the most significant indicators of the level of social development within…, Infant mortality is conventionally measured as the number of deaths in the first year of life per 1,000 live births during the same year. Chances of survival for a premature birth vary greatly depending on the available resources. The definition of the infant mortality rate is the number of deaths in the first year of life per 1,000 live births in a given year. Infant mortality rate, measure of human infant deaths in a group younger than one year of age. When women are educated, they are more likely to give birth at later ages and to seek better health care and better education for their children, including their daughters. That practice led to malnutrition, starvation, or digestive infections in the frequent cases in which the diluting water was not clean. Fetal deaths, sometimes referred to as stillbirths, miscarriage, or fetal demise, do not include live births and therefore do not … The number of infant deaths is then divided by the number of infant births, and the results are multiplied by 1,000 so that the rate reflects the number of infant deaths per 1,000 births in a standardized manner. Advocacy groups estimate that the deaths of several million children yearly could be prevented by the use of a simple low-cost oral rehydration solution. infant mortality rate (IMR) for the years preceding 1875 so that changes in the rate in both earlier and subsequent years could be identified and compared. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In addition to giving us key information about maternal and infant health, the infant mortality rate is an important marker of the overall health of a society. Infant mortality is defined as the number of infant deaths (one year of age or younger) per 1000 live births. Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org. Définitions de infant mortality rate, synonymes, antonymes, dérivés de infant mortality rate, dictionnaire analogique de infant mortality rate (anglais) The ratio of the number of deaths in the first year of life to the number of live births occurring in the same population during the same period of time. Definition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year. Mortality, infant: The death of an infant before his or her first birthday. uncountable noun [oft NOUN noun] The mortality in a particular place or situation is the number of people who die....the relationships between mortality and unemployment. In the 1970s the Nestlé Corporation was criticized by a number of groups for its distribution of infant formula to women in developing countries. Infant Mortality Related Definitions and Associated Formulas. In areas where women have few rights and where there is a large income difference between the poor and the wealthy, infant mortality rates tend to be high. Omissions? Updates? Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Some of the international variation in infant mortality rates is due to variations among countries in registering practices for premature infants. Definition of infant mortality in the Definitions.net dictionary. In industrialized countries, low birth weights are characteristic of premature births. uk/mɔːˈtæl.ə.ti ˌreɪt/us/mɔːrˈtæl.ə.t̬i ˌreɪt/. The most common cause worldwide has traditionally been due to dehydration from diarrhea.However, the spreading information about Oral Rehydration Solution (a mixture of salts, sugar, and water) to mothers around the world has decreased the rate of children dying from dehydration. The infant mortality rate is an age-specific ratio used by epidemiologists, demographers, physicians, and social scientists to better understand the extent and causes of infant deaths. A lack of clean drinking water leads to dehydration and fluid volume depletion. 0 answers. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. What Is The Difference Between “It’s” And “Its”? Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is more than twice as common among American Indian and Alaska Natives than it is among non-Hispanic whites. Related questions 0 votes. According to the U.S. Center for Disease Control, infant mortality among African Americans in 2014 occurred at a rate of 10.93 deaths per 1,000 live births, nearly twice the national average of 5.82. In least-developed countries (LDC) a primary cause of infant mortality is poor quality of water. Without breast milk, they had little choice but to continue to use the formula, often with disastrous results. High infant mortality rates are generally indicative of unmet human health needs in sanitation, medical care, nutrition, and education. In 2018, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.7 deaths per 1,000 live births. High-frequency births allow less recovery time for mothers and entail potential food shortages in poor families. dying under one year of age divided by the number of resident live births for the same geographic area (for a specified time period, usually a calendar year) and multiplied by 1,000. (See Britannica now has a site just for parents! The Most Surprisingly Serendipitous Words Of The Day, The Dictionary.com Word Of The Year For 2020 Is …. Many forms of infant formula start as powders that must be mixed with water to be used. An Analyse Of Infant Mortality Rate. The infant mortality rate is calculated using two components: deaths within the first year of life, compared to the number of live births. Roughly speaking, by this measure worldwide infant mortality approximates 80 per 1,000; that is, about 8 percent of newborn…, …it was in Europe; similarly, infant mortality in Africa was about eight times greater than in Europe. Unfortunately, many women did not realize that their breast milk production would decrease or stop entirely when they started to rely on infant formula. Contributing to the problem are poor education and limited access to birth control, both of which lead to high numbers of births per mother and short intervals between births. Formes composées: Anglais: Français: infant mortality rate n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. the numberof deathsfrom a particularcauseor during a particularperiodof timeamong a particulargroupof people: Most sourcesclaimthat the mortalityrateof the virusis around 2–4%. Using this formula, the appropriate number of prenatal visits for a 39-week pregnancy is 12. Associated terms Mortality by age and sex Definition The probability that a child born in a specific year or period will die before reaching the age of 1 year, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of that period, expressed as a rate per 1000 live births. The nation's infant mortality rate has reached a record low. (number of babies dying) taux de mortalité infantile nm nom masculin: s'utilise avec les articles "le", "l'" (devant une voyelle ou un h muet), "un". the number of deaths divided by the number of population at risk during a certain Preserving the lives of newborns has been a long-standing issue in public health, social policy, and humanitarian endeavours. Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. : 3–20: Child mortality rate (also known as 'Under-five mortality rate') Number of deaths of children less than 5 years old, divided by number of live births. Those differences stem from differences in health access, poverty, and other effects of racism. Health interventions designed to prevent preterm delivery and to improve prenatal care may also improve infant mortality rates. Information and translations of infant mortality in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Maintaining such a schedule requires time, effort, and—most important—access to a system of affordable health care, which is lacking in many LDCs and even in some industrialized countries. The infant mortality rate is an age-specific ratio used by epidemiologists, demographers, physicians, and social scientists to better understand the extent and causes of infant deaths. IMR is therefore also a useful indicator of a country's level of health or development, and is a component of the physical quality of life index. Ex : garçon - nm > On dira "le garçon" ou "un garçon". infant mortality rate definition, meaning, English dictionary, synonym, see also 'infant prodigy',infant school',sudden infant death syndrome',sudden infant death syndrome', Reverso dictionary, English definition, English vocabulary The company distributed free samples of infant formula and marketed them to women as a more modern Western alternative to breast milk. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. Women’s status and disparities of wealth are also reflected in infant mortality rates. Why Do “Left” And “Right” Mean Liberal And Conservative? The extension of primary health-care services is therefore a high priority in the developing countries.…. Related Terms: Mortality by age and sex. Trends in child mortality: The world has seen dramatic reductions of 60% in under-five mortality from 93 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 38 in 2019. In addition, because breastfeeding stimulates hormones that serve as a semieffective natural contraceptive, that benefit was lost with the switch to artificial infant formulas. Adequate clean water must also be available for hygiene to maintain the health of infants. Rates of infant mortality among Chinese and Japanese Americans tend to be the lowest of all U.S. ethnic groups. infant mortality rate n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Preterm delivery with low birth weight is the leading cause of infant death for African American infants, occurring at a rate that is more than three times greater than that for white Americans. In 2019 alone, 7.4 million children, adolescents and youth (0-14 years) died mostly of preventable or treatable causes. Definition of Infant mortality rates. The aims of this study were to compare the mortality and birth rate of infants male and female in order to determine whether there is a significant yearly difference in their mortality and birth rate. infant mortality rate n. The ratio of the number of deaths in the first year of life to the number of live births occurring in the same population during the same period of time. Definition - Infant mortality rate | Insee The infant mortality rate is the ratio between the number of infants dying before the age of one and all live-born children. The infant mortality rate among Hispanic mothers is similar to the national average (5.10 deaths per 1,000 live births), while rates among White and Asian mothers are lower than average (4.7 and 3.8 deaths per 1,000 lives births, respectively). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Don’t let last week’s Word of the Days discombobulate you—keep their meanings straight with the latest quiz for January 11–17, 2021. of or pertaining to the main trunk of the arterial system. Ideally, prenatal care should begin as early in the pregnancy as possible, with visits to a health care provider every 4 weeks during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy, every 2 to 3 weeks for the next 8 weeks, and weekly thereafter until delivery. Somalia has one of the highest infant mortality … 2. However, in LDCs they more frequently occur at full term, because of a lack of adequate maternal nutrition or because of malaria, measles, or other infectious diseases, such as HIV. The use of infant formula has come under attack in both developing countries and LDCs as well as in the industrialized world. Privacy & Trust Info Infant mortality rate: The number of children dying at less than 1 year of age, divided by the number of live births that year. The global burden of child and youth deaths however remains immense. Abstract. The infant mortality rate is defined as the number of deaths of children under one year of age, expressed per 1 000 live births. To compute a given year’s infant mortality rate in a certain area, one would need to know how many babies were born alive in the area during the period and how many babies who were born alive died before their first birthday during that time. 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